The third meaning of the affixation process of suffix ‘-kan’ then prefix ‘me-‘ is benefactive; that is, it indicates that the action shown by the verb is done for the benefit of someone else (who is called the beneficiary).
It often occurs in a sentence with two objects. The first object, which directly follows the verb, is called the primary object, while the second is called the secondary object.
For example:
Root: buat (to make, prepare)
- You add the suffix -kan: buat+kan → The verb ‘buatkan!’ is used for imperatives which means “Make it!”
- The word/verb ‘buatkan!’ becomes base word 1
- In a sentence: Tolong buatkan saya kopi.
- Meaning: Please make me coffee.
Root: buat (to make, prepare)
- You add the prefix me: me+buat → The verb ‘membuat’ (transitive verb)
- The word/verb ‘membuat’ becomes base word 2
- In a sentence: Saya membuat kopi.
- Meaning: I make coffee.
Circumfix Process
- From base word 1 – ‘buatkan!’
- Add prefix ‘me-‘ → me + m + buatkan → membuatkan
- From base word 2 – ‘membuat‘
- Add suffix ‘-kan-‘ → membuat+kan → membuatkan
The above verbs now have the same meanings.
- In a sentence: Ibu membuatkan saya kopi.
- Meaning: My mother made me coffee.
- saya: the primary object that directly follows the verb. It is also the beneficiary, the person who benefits from the action indicated by the verb.
- kopi: the secondary object, something that is affected by the action (e.g. being given or transferred).
- Without the suffix -kan, there will be no beneficiary.
Another example:
- In a sentence: Saya membuatkan ibu kopi.
- Meaning: I made my mother coffee.
- Ibu: the primary object that directly follows the verb. It is also the beneficiary, the person who benefits from the action indicated by the verb.
- kopi: the secondary object, something that is affected by the action (e.g. being given or transferred).
- Without the suffix -kan, there will be no beneficiary.
You can use a preposition to create a different sentence structure:
- In a sentence: Saya membuatkan kopi untuk ibu.
- Meaning: I made coffee for my mother.