Belum
Belum(not yet) combines the meanings of bukan/tidak plus temporal marker sudah.
- Dia belum profesor. – He’s not a professor yet.
- Mereka belum berangkat. – They haven’t left yet.
Jangan
- Jangan(don’t) occurs in imperative constructions.
- Jangan merokok disini! – Don’t smoke here!
- Jangan tidur! – Don’t go to sleep!
In the presence of jangan prefix me-(active) and di-(passive) on transitive verb is optional.
- Jangan (mem)baca buku itu sekarang! – Don’t read that book now!
- Pakaian ini tidak kotor. Jangan (di)cuci! – These clothes aren’t dirty. Don’t wash them!
- Jangan (men)cuci sekarang! Kita harus pergi. – Don’t was now! We have to go.
- Diangkat! Jangan diseret! – Lift it! Don’t drag it!